2023 Alzheimer's Association Research Fellowship (AARF)
Social Networks Over the Adult Life Course and Cognitive Eesilience
How might an individual's social network help protect against Alzheimer’s?
Phillip Hwang, Ph.D.
Boston University
Boston, MA - United States
Background
Individuals who have risk factors for Alzheimer’s but manage to avoid cognitive impairment are considered “cognitively resilient.” Many factors contribute to an individual’s level of cognitive resilience. Some studies suggest that social interaction may play a role, and that diverse relationships across multiple areas of ones life may help promote cognitive resilience. Much of this research has been conducted in clinic settings over a limited time period. Since Alzheimer’s can develop over the course of many years, more research is needed to understand potential cognitive benefits of social interactions across longer periods.
Research Plan
Dr. Phillip Hwang and colleagues are investigating the role of social networks in promoting and predicting cognitive resilience over an individual’s lifespan. The researchers are analyzing data collected as part of the Framingham Heart Study, a long-term study which includes more than 15,000 individuals across three generations.
First, the researchers will analyze data from approximately 3,200 adults with no dementia symptoms but who have risk factors of Alzheimer’s. They will use advanced statistical methods to evaluate any associations between an individual’s social network size or diversity and development of dementia symptoms later in life. Next, Dr. Hwang will use social network data from approximately 2,100 individuals and compare this to their cognitive test and brain scan data. Dr. Hwang’s team will then use an advanced computer science technique called machine learning, a form of artificial intelligence, to identify associations between social network characteristics and whether an individual was cognitively resilient (no dementia symptoms) or not (developed dementia symptoms).
Impact
This study could help improve understanding of how certain kinds of social connections might help prevent symptoms of Alzheimer’s. Findings may provide evidence to support interventions designed to prevent cognitive decline throughout life without the use of medication.